Uncariphyllin A-J, indole alkaloids from Uncaria rhynchophylla as antagonists of dopamine D2 and Mu opioid receptors

Ten new indole alkaloids (1–10) as well as eleven known analogs (11–21) were isolated from the stems and hooks of Uncaria rhynchophylla. Their structure elucidation was based on extensive NMR studies, MS and ECD data, with the essential aid of DFT prediction of ECD spectra. Compound 1 was determined as a 17,19-seco-cadambine-type alkaloid, and compound 3 was confirmed to be a 3,4-seco-tricyclic monoterpene indole alkaloid, which are the first seco-alkaloids possessing such cleavage positions from U. rhynchophylla. All the isolated compounds were evaluated for their bioactivities on dopamine D2 and Mu opioid receptors for discovering natural therapeutic drugs targeting central nervous system (CNS) diseases. Compounds 1, 2, 4, 5, 20 and 21 showed antagonistic bioactivities on the D2 receptor (IC50 0.678–15.200 μM), and compounds 1, 3, 6, 9, 10, 13, 18, 19 and 21 exhibited antagonistic effects on the Mu receptor (IC50 2.243–32.200 μM). Among them, compounds 1 and 21 displayed dual-target activities. Compound 1 showed conspicuous antagonistic activity on D2 and Mu receptors with the IC50 values of 0.678 ± 0.182 μM and 13.520 ± 2.480 μM, respectively. Compound 21 displayed moderate antagonistic activity on the two receptors with the IC50 values at 15.200 ± 1.764 μM and 32.200 ± 5.695 μM, respectively.