Passenger Flow Characteristic Analysis of Public Transportation in Urban Agglomerations by Big Data

The development of the Beijing-Hebei urban agglomeration has driven the increase of intercity travel demand of residents in the region, which increases passenger flow pressure on intercity bus lines. The analysis on the travel characteristics is the basis of operation optimization for supply-demand balance. This paper analyzes the characteristics of passenger flow from the perspectives of travel frequency, passenger mileage utilization, travel time, and spatial distribution, and major origin-destination (OD) flow using the case study of Line 930, with 300,000 smart card data and quick response (QR) data in the fare collection system. The results show that the morning peak of the public transportation in the Beijing-Hebei urban agglomeration is from 5:00 to 7:00. The number of frequent passengers accounted for 64.62%.