Self‐efficacy status and influential factors of fluid intake in patients on maintenance hemodialysis

Abstract Introduction To explore the self‐efficacy status and influential factors of fluid intake in patients on hemodialysis. Methods Between August and October 2023, 183 patients undergoing hemodialysis were recruited from a tertiary hospital using convenience sampling. Self‐efficacy was assessed using the Fluid Intake Appraisal Inventory (FIAI), a validated questionnaire comprising physiological, emotional, social, and environmental dimensions. Independent sample t ‐tests and multiple linear regression analysis were used to evaluate the impact of factors such as dialysis duration, dry body weight, and medication for kidney disease on self‐efficacy. Results A total of 181 valid questionnaires were collected. The mean FIAI score was 219.10 ± 64.27, indicating a moderate level of self‐efficacy in fluid intake. Univariate analysis showed that dialysis duration, dry body weight, and medication use significantly influenced fluid intake self‐efficacy ( p < 0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis identified dialysis duration (beta [ β ] = 0.406, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.021–0.792), medication for kidney disease ( β = −0.900, 95% CI: −1.490 to −0.310), and dry body weight ( β = −0.600, 95% CI: −1.058 to −0.142) as independent influencing factors (all p < 0.05). Conclusion Patients on hemodialysis were found to have moderate levels of fluid intake self‐efficacy. Patients with long dialysis duration, no medication for kidney disease, and low dry body weight have higher self‐efficacy. Findings in this study suggest that personalized guidance based on the characteristics of different patients should be provided by nursing staff to enhance patient self‐efficacy in fluid intake and their quality of life.