ROS-responsive poly(β-amino ester) nanoparticle enables targeted delivery of mRNA vaccine to splenic antigen-presenting cells

Intravenous mRNA vaccines show promise for stimulating immune cells but face challenges in targeting APCs due to high liver accumulation. To address this, we developed ROS-responsive PBAE nanoparticles, 93-TKA10-19, designed to target splenic APCs, enhance mRNA expression, and induce a Th1-skewed immune response, advancing mRNA vaccine efficacy.