Model for natural carbonation prediction (NCP): Practical application worldwide to real life functioning concrete structures

Abstract A new, natural carbonation prediction (NCP) model was used to make predictions that were in turn compared with actual data measurements done on 69 real life functioning concrete structures located in various parts of the world of different climate zones. The existing reinforced concrete structures consisted of buildings, bridges and highway structures that were one (1) year to 70 years old, located at the urban settings of Johannesburg (South Africa), Bhopal (India), Taipei (Taiwan), Seoul (South Korea), Turin (Italy), Blenio (Switzerland), Brasilia (Brazil) and Tallin (Estonia). All data employed in the present study were taken from the various literatures. The NCP model gave realistic predictions of the measured natural carbonation in the various concrete structures. Evidently, the model can be used for practical carbonation prediction, design and analysis of concrete structures.