Socioeconomic inequalities, genetic susceptibility, and risks of depression and anxiety: A large-observational study

广泛性焦虑症 焦虑 病人健康调查表 四分位数 社会经济地位 萧条(经济学) 医学 遗传倾向 精神科 观察研究 临床心理学 心理学 人口学 内科学 环境卫生 人口 抑郁症状 疾病 经济 宏观经济学 置信区间 社会学
作者
Xin Qi,Yang Jin,Li Liu,Jingcan Hao,Chuyu Pan,Yan Wen,Na Zhang,Wenming Wei,Meijuan Kang,Bolun Cheng,Shiqiang Cheng,Feng Zhang
出处
期刊:Journal of Affective Disorders [Elsevier BV]
卷期号:367: 174-183 被引量:1
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.jad.2024.09.009
摘要

This study aimed to investigate the interplay between genetic susceptibility and socioeconomic disparities on psychiatric disorders. In this study, we utilized data from the UK Biobank to analyze the Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)-7 scale (N = 74,425) and the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ)-9 (N = 74,101), along with the Index of Multiple Deprivation (IMD). The polygenic risk score (PRS) was calculated to assess the genetic risk associated with GAD-7/PHQ-9 scores, and the individuals were classified into low, medium, and high genetic risk groups according to tertiles of PRSs related to the GAD-7/PHQ-9. Linear regression models were used to explore the relationships between GAD-7/PHQ-9 scores and IMD scores in patients with different genetic susceptibilities. Disadvantaged socioeconomic status was associated with the risk of anxiety and depression across all strata of genetic risk, and stronger associations were shown for individuals with greater genetic susceptibility. From low to high genetic risk, the risk of psychiatric disorders increased for the GAD-7 (β = 0.002 to 0.032) and PHQ-9 (β = 0.003 to 0.045) scores. In addition, strong associations of high genetic risk with anxiety (β = 0.875) and depression (β = 1.152) were detected in the IMD quartile 4 group compared with the least deprivation quartile group. Furthermore, income and employment were estimated to contribute strongly to anxiety (βemployment = 7.331, βincome = 4.492) and depression (βemployment = 9.951, βincome = 6.453) in the high genetic risk group. The results suggest that we should pay more attention to psychiatric disorders with high genetic susceptibility and try to improve their socioeconomic status to prevent the development of psychiatric disorders.
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