In The Lancet, Maigeng Zhou and colleagues1 present a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) 2017 on mortality, morbidity, and risk factors in China and its provinces, from 1990 to 2017. Their report is, to our knowledge, the first comprehensive subnational assessment of health in the Chinese population after previous GBD China 2010 on mortality, morbidity, combined health loss, and risks at the national level2 and GBD China 2013 on mortality at the national and province level.