过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ
脂肪生成
过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体
脂肪肝
内分泌学
脂肪组织
内科学
脂肪变性
核受体
生物
过氧化物酶体
过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体α
受体
转录因子
葡萄糖稳态
癌症研究
胰岛素抵抗
基因
生物化学
糖尿病
医学
疾病
作者
Yoon Kwang Lee,Jung Eun Park,Mikang Lee,James P. Hardwick
出处
期刊:Liver Research
[Elsevier]
日期:2018-12-01
卷期号:2 (4): 209-215
被引量:132
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.livres.2018.12.001
摘要
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ or PPARG) is a ligand-activated transcription factor belonging to the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily. It plays a master role in the differentiation and proliferation of adipose tissues. It has two major isoforms, PPARγ1 and PPARγ2, encoded from a single gene using two separate promoters and alternative splicing. Among them, PPARγ2 is most abundantly expressed in adipocytes and plays major adipogenic and lipogenic roles in the tissue. Furthermore, it has been shown that PPARγ2 is also expressed in the liver, specifically in hepatocytes, and its expression level positively correlates with fat accumulation induced by pathological conditions such as obesity and diabetes. Knockout of the hepatic Pparg gene ameliorates hepatic steatosis induced by diet or genetic manipulations. Transcriptional activation of Pparg in the liver induces the adipogenic program to store fatty acids in lipid droplets as observed in adipocytes. Understanding how the hepatic Pparg gene expression is regulated will help develop preventative and therapeutic treatments for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Due to the potential adverse effect of hepatic Pparg gene deletion on peripheral tissue functions, therapeutic interventions that target PPARγ for fatty liver diseases require fine-tuning of this gene's expression and transcriptional activity.
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