Design synthesis of Y-90 glass microspheres and study of their therapeutic effects on mouse liver cancer cell line Hep3B

In this article, a system for synthesizing Y-90 glass microspheres (Y-90-GM) was successfully designed in the Da Lat nuclear reactor (Vietnam), and the therapeutic effects of Y-90-GM on mice liver cancer cell line Hep3B were studied. The effects of synthesis factors, including heating time, heating temperature, gas flow rate, sample conduit length and diameter, were investigated to establish the optimal parameters. The size and shape of Y-90-GM were checked by field emission scanning electron microscope, and the radioactivity measurement was performed on a dosimeter. The results indicated that the optimal conditions for the synthesis of Y-90-GM were determined as the heating temperature of 1600 °C, heating time of 2 h, conduit length and diameter of 50 cm and 3.6 cm, and gas/oxygen flow rate of 15 mph. The Y-90-GM samples obtained at the optimal parameters have a size of 18-30 μm with a density of 3.53 g cm-3 and a specific radioactivity of 630 mCi g-1. The results of the therapeutic study on mice liver cancer cell line Hep3B showed that after two weeks of treatment with Y-90-GM (1mCi/mouse), the tumor volume was reduced by about 30.7% and after 3 consecutive treatment cycles, the liver cancer tumor was completely reduced. It was demonstrated that Y-90-GM is promising radiopharmaceuticals in the treatment of liver cancer by the radioembolization method.