Italian validation of the positive solitude scale

Positive Solitude (PS) is the decision to use one's time for a meaningful activity, with a choice made by and for oneself. The purpose of this study is to validate the Italian version of the Positive Solitude Scale (PSS) developed by Palgi et al. (2021a). Data were collected through the administration of a questionnaire to 1,120 Italian adults. Confirmatory factor analyses showed a bi-factor structure, indicating that the scale can be considered as unidimensional. Moreover, the Italian PSS demonstrated good internal consistency, supporting the scale's good reliability. Then, PS was associated with improved psychological well-being, increased mindfulness, higher levels of positive effects and lower loneliness. However, we found no association between PS and depressive symptomatology. These results support a good convergent, discriminant, and divergent validity of the scale. Finally, this study enhances the understanding of PS in the Italian context providing a valuable tool for future research.