多囊卵巢
胰岛素抵抗
胰岛素
内分泌学
内科学
生物
内分泌系统
胰岛素受体
碳水化合物代谢
医学
激素
作者
Rok Herman,Jaka Šikonja,Mojca Jensterle,Andrej Janež,Vita Dolžan
摘要
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine and metabolic disorder in women of reproductive age. Its heterogeneous clinical presentation is characterized by hyperandrogenemia, reproductive changes, polycystic ovary morphology, and insulin resistance (IR). The primary pathophysiological process in its multifactorial etiology has not yet been identified. However, the two most proposed core etiologies are the disruption of insulin metabolism and hyperandrogenemia, both of which begin to intertwine and propagate each other in the later stages of the disease. Insulin metabolism can be viewed as the interconnectedness of beta cell function, IR or insulin sensitivity, and insulin clearance. Previous studies of insulin metabolism in PCOS patients have yielded conflicting results, and literature reviews have focused mainly on the molecular mechanisms and clinical implications of IR. In this narrative review, we comprehensively explored the role of insulin secretion, clearance, and decreased sensitivity in target cells as a potential primary insult in PCOS pathogenesis, along with the molecular mechanism behind IR in PCOS.
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