Ultraviolet Grafting of Bismuth Oxide Enhances the Photocatalytic Performance of PVDF Membrane and Improves the Problem of Membrane Fouling

Photocatalytic membranes are crucial in addressing membrane fouling issues. However, the grafting amount of the catalyst on the membrane often becomes a key factor in restricting the membrane's self-cleaning capability. To address the challenge, this manuscript proposes a method for solving membrane fouling, featuring high grafting rates of bismuth oxide (Bi