胞吐
蒙克-18
生物
接吻奔跑融合
突触小泡
神经传递
囊泡融合
STX1A型
细胞生物学
快照25
突触可塑性
神经递质
神经科学
小泡
分泌物
突触融合蛋白
受体
生物化学
中枢神经系统
膜
作者
Richard Lin,Richard H. Scheller
标识
DOI:10.1146/annurev.cellbio.16.1.19
摘要
▪ Abstract Chemical synaptic transmission serves as the main form of cell to cell communication in the nervous system. Neurotransmitter release occurs through the process of regulated exocytosis, in which a synaptic vesicle releases its contents in response to an increase in calcium. The use of genetic, biochemical, structural, and functional studies has led to the identification of factors important in the synaptic vesicle life cycle. Here we focus on the prominent role of SNARE (soluble NSF attachment protein receptor) proteins during membrane fusion and the regulation of SNARE function by Rab3a, nSec1, and NSF. Many of the proteins important for transmitter release have homologs involved in intracellular vesicle transport, and all forms of vesicle trafficking share common basic principles. Finally, modifications to the synaptic exocytosis pathway are very likely to underlie certain forms of synaptic plasticity and therefore contribute to learning and memory.
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