达布拉芬尼
曲美替尼
威罗菲尼
医学
黑色素瘤
MEK抑制剂
肿瘤科
不利影响
临床试验
内科学
癌症研究
MAPK/ERK通路
转移性黑色素瘤
生物
激酶
细胞生物学
作者
Lavinia Spain,Maximilian Julve,James Larkin
标识
DOI:10.1517/14656566.2016.1168805
摘要
Introduction: In the 40–50% of advanced melanoma patients with tumors harboring BRAF V600E and V600 K mutations, BRAF inhibitors such as dabrafenib are a highly effective treatment. However, most patients develop resistance after several months on treatment. The addition of a MEK inhibitor, such as trametinib, to BRAF inhibition mitigates one key pathway of resistance, further increasing response rates and improving survival.Areas covered: This article summarizes the mechanism of action of the combination of dabrafenib and trametinib, its evolution through Phase I, II and III clinical trials and discusses its current use in the management of patients with advanced melanoma.Expert opinion: Combination therapy with dabrafenib and trametinib improves response rate, progression-free survival and overall survival when compared to dabrafenib or vemurafenib alone. The addition of trametinib to dabrafenib changes the adverse event profile, making hyperkeratosis and cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas less common but side effects such as fever and nausea more common. How dabrafenib/trametinib is best sequenced with other effective treatments such as immune checkpoint blockade remains uncertain.
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