Silver-Modified Carbon Fluoride as the Cathode Material for Pouch-Type Primary Lithium Batteries

Ag-modified CFx cathode material was prepared via a redox process using hydrated hydrazine as the reducing agent and silver nitrate as the Ag source, respectively. Pouch Li/Ag-CFx batteries with capacity of 2 Ah were prepared using Ag-CFx as the active material for the cathode and lithium flakes for the anode. The phase composition, morphology features and elemental distribution of the Ag-CFx material were characterized by x-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and x-ray diffraction (EDS), respectively. The effect of Ag doping on the electrochemical properties of the Ag-CFx cathode was also investigated. The results showed that the Li/5%Ag-CFx battery possessed the best electrochemical properties of all the obtained batteries, indicating capacity of 2.10 Ah at 0.05 C and plateau voltage of 2.581 V. The batteries showed capacity of 2.03 Ah and 1.99 Ah at 0.5 C and 1.0 C, respectively. The lowest temperature rise on the Li/Ag-CFx battery surface (10 Ah) with the 0.5%Ag-CFx cathode was 25.2°C at 1 C rate during discharge.