A Case-Crossover Analysis of the Association between Exposure to Total PM2.5 and Its Chemical Components and Emergency Ambulance Dispatches in Tokyo

四分位间距 条件logistic回归 逻辑回归 医学 急诊科 急诊医学 环境卫生 毒理 内科学 生物 人口 精神科
作者
Takehiro Michikawa,Junichi Sasaki,Shin Yamazaki,Akinori Takami,Keiko Asakura,Haruhiko Imamura,Kayo Ueda,Shinji Saito,Junya Hoshi,Ayako Yoshino,Seiji Sugata,Hiroshi Nitta,Yuji Nishiwaki
出处
期刊:Environmental Science & Technology [American Chemical Society]
卷期号:56 (11): 7319-7327 被引量:6
标识
DOI:10.1021/acs.est.1c08219
摘要

A limited number of studies have investigated the association between short-term exposure to PM2.5 components and morbidity. The present case-crossover study explored the association between exposure to total PM2.5 and its components and emergency ambulance dispatches, which is one of the indicators of morbidity, in the 23 Tokyo wards. Between 2016 and 2018 (mean mass concentrations of total PM2.5 13.5 μg/m3), we obtained data, from the Tokyo Fire Department, on the daily cases of ambulance dispatches. Fine particles were collected at a fixed monitoring site and were analyzed to estimate the daily mean concentrations of carbons and ions. We analyzed 1038301 cases of health-based all-cause ambulance dispatches by using a conditional logistic regression model. The average concentrations of total PM2.5 over one and the previous day were positively associated with the number of ambulance dispatches. In terms of PM2.5 components, the percentage increase per interquartile range (IQR) increase was 0.8% for elemental carbon (IQR = 0.8 μg/m3; 95% CI = 0.3–1.3%), 0.9% for sulfate (2.1 μg/m3; 0.5–1.4%), and 1.1% for ammonium (1.3 μg/m3; 0.4–1.8%) in the PM2.5-adjusted models. This is the first study to find an association between some specific components in PM2.5 and ambulance dispatches.
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