[Research progress in the pathogenic mechanisms of Porphyromonas gingivalis fimbriae].

FimA has been characterized as an important virulence factor for Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg). These structures play a major role in the mechanisms of adhesion and invasion of Pg to host cells, and can induce cellular activation and cytokines release. FimA can also promote biofilm formation and induce immuno-inflammatory response of host cells. Many studies have characterized FimA to be associated with periodontitis and cardiovascular disease. Pg strains are classified into six types based on divergent nucleotide sequences of the fimA gene (types Ⅰ、Ⅰb、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ andⅤ). The expression of fimbriae is regulated by the fimA gene, which may be the key factor that leads to virulence diversities of Pg, At present, the research on the pathogenesis of FimA mainly focuses on periodontitis and atherosclerosis, which is of great significance for the prevention and treatment of diseases. This paper reviewed the pathogenic effect of FimA in the development of above mentioned two diseases and its application in the prevention.FimA蛋白是牙龈卟啉单胞菌的重要毒力因子，在牙龈卟啉单胞菌黏附和入侵宿主细胞，促进牙菌斑生物膜形成以及引起宿主免疫炎症反应的过程中发挥重要作用，与牙周病和心血管疾病的发生和发展密切相关。根据编码FimA蛋白的fimA基因核苷酸序列的不同可将牙龈卟啉单胞菌分为Ⅰ、Ⅰb、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ和Ⅴ型共6种基因型。FimA的表达受fimA基因的调控，不同fimA基因型菌毛的致病作用有一定差异。本文就牙龈卟啉单胞菌菌毛相关致病机制的研究进展进行综述。.