Imaging Brain Metabolism in the Newborn

神经影像学 神经科学 心理学 医学
作者
Harry T. Chugani
出处
期刊:Journal of Child Neurology [SAGE Publishing]
卷期号:33 (13): 851-860 被引量:24
标识
DOI:10.1177/0883073818792308
摘要

In this review, we discuss molecular brain imaging studies using positron emission tomography (PET) with 2-deoxy-2( 18 F)fluoro-d-glucose (FDG) in human newborns and infants, and illustrate how this technology can be applied to probe the neuropathophysiology of neonatal neurologic disorders. PET studies have been difficult to perform in sick babies because of patient transportation issues and suboptimal spatial resolution. With approval from the FDA and the institutional review board, we modified and installed the Focus 220 animal microPET scanner (Concorde Microsystems, Knoxville, TN) directly in our neonatal intensive care unit in Children’s Hospital of Michigan and verified the high spatial resolution (<2 mm full-width-at-half-maximum) of this microPET. The neonatal pattern of glucose metabolism is very consistent, with the highest degree of activity in primary sensory and motor cortex, medial temporal region, thalamus, brain stem, and cerebellar vermis. Prior studies have shown that increases of glucose utilization are seen by 2 to 3 months in the parietal, temporal, cingulate, and primary visual cortex; basal ganglia; and cerebellar hemispheres. Between 6 and 8 months, lateral and inferior frontal cortex becomes more functionally active and, eventually, between 8 and 12 months, the dorsal and medial frontal regions also show a maturational increase. These findings are consistent with the physical, behavioral, and cognitive maturation of the infant. At birth, metabolic rates of glucose utilization in cortex are about 30% lower than in adults but rapidly rise such that, by 3 years, the cerebral cortical rates exceed adult rates by more than 2-fold. At around puberty, the rates for cerebral cortex begin to decline and gradually reach adult values by 16-18 years. These nonlinear changes of glucose utilization indirectly reflect programed periods of synaptic proliferation and pruning in the brain. Positron emission tomographic (PET) imaging of GABA A receptors (using 11 C-flumazenil) in newborns also show a pattern very different from adults, with high binding in amygdala-hippocampus, sensory-motor cortex, thalamus, brain stem, and basal ganglia, in that order. We speculate that the early development of amygdala/hippocampus prepares the baby for bonding, attachment, and memory, and the deprivation of such experiences during a sensitive period results in malfunction of these networks and psychopathology, as has been shown in studies on severely socioemotionally deprived children. Recently developed hybrid PET/magnetic resonance (MR) scanners allow the simultaneous acquisition of PET and MR data sets with advanced applications. These devices are particularly advantageous for scanning babies and infants because of the high spatial resolution, automated coregistration of anatomical and functional images and, in the case of need for sedation, maximal data acquired in 1 session.
最长约 10秒,即可获得该文献文件

科研通智能强力驱动
Strongly Powered by AbleSci AI
更新
PDF的下载单位、IP信息已删除 (2025-6-4)

科研通是完全免费的文献互助平台,具备全网最快的应助速度,最高的求助完成率。 对每一个文献求助,科研通都将尽心尽力,给求助人一个满意的交代。
实时播报
Newky发布了新的文献求助10
1秒前
3秒前
3秒前
王路飞完成签到,获得积分10
4秒前
7秒前
mmm发布了新的文献求助10
8秒前
boltos发布了新的文献求助10
10秒前
ASA完成签到,获得积分10
10秒前
abin发布了新的文献求助10
11秒前
Newky完成签到,获得积分10
11秒前
卿君完成签到,获得积分10
15秒前
15秒前
Jasper应助乔佳怡采纳,获得10
17秒前
Akim应助hwezhu采纳,获得10
17秒前
18秒前
alpv完成签到,获得积分10
18秒前
19秒前
南冥发布了新的文献求助10
22秒前
22秒前
23秒前
迷路的绿藻头完成签到 ,获得积分10
23秒前
量子星尘发布了新的文献求助10
24秒前
哈哈完成签到,获得积分10
24秒前
A阿澍发布了新的文献求助10
25秒前
abin完成签到,获得积分10
25秒前
27秒前
27秒前
27秒前
hwezhu发布了新的文献求助10
28秒前
30秒前
jyy应助科研通管家采纳,获得10
32秒前
czh应助科研通管家采纳,获得20
32秒前
烟花应助科研通管家采纳,获得10
33秒前
充电宝应助科研通管家采纳,获得10
33秒前
小马甲应助科研通管家采纳,获得10
33秒前
33秒前
今后应助科研通管家采纳,获得10
33秒前
33秒前
无花果应助科研通管家采纳,获得10
33秒前
skbkbe发布了新的文献求助10
33秒前
高分求助中
A new approach to the extrapolation of accelerated life test data 1000
ACSM’s Guidelines for Exercise Testing and Prescription, 12th edition 500
‘Unruly’ Children: Historical Fieldnotes and Learning Morality in a Taiwan Village (New Departures in Anthropology) 400
Indomethacinのヒトにおける経皮吸収 400
Phylogenetic study of the order Polydesmida (Myriapoda: Diplopoda) 370
基于可调谐半导体激光吸收光谱技术泄漏气体检测系统的研究 350
Robot-supported joining of reinforcement textiles with one-sided sewing heads 320
热门求助领域 (近24小时)
化学 材料科学 医学 生物 工程类 有机化学 生物化学 物理 内科学 纳米技术 计算机科学 化学工程 复合材料 遗传学 基因 物理化学 催化作用 冶金 细胞生物学 免疫学
热门帖子
关注 科研通微信公众号,转发送积分 3989263
求助须知:如何正确求助?哪些是违规求助? 3531418
关于积分的说明 11253814
捐赠科研通 3270066
什么是DOI,文献DOI怎么找? 1804884
邀请新用户注册赠送积分活动 882084
科研通“疑难数据库(出版商)”最低求助积分说明 809136