Hydroxylamine-mediated Fenton reaction

The degradation of emerging pollutants and dyes using the Fenton reaction can be enhanced by the addition of reducing mediators. This approach helps to minimize the accumulation of Fe(III) in a solution, leading to accelerated Fe(II) regeneration and the increased production of reactive oxygen species, such as the OH radical. In this chapter, we review the effects of hydroxylamine (HA) as a reductant on the Fenton-based oxidation process. The first part critically evaluates relevant literature, emphasizing the advantages and disadvantages of the Fenton-hydroxylamine system and illustrating the redox mechanism. The second part presents a case study on Fenton-hydroxylamine applied to the destruction of two persistent synthetic dyes, where the process's ability to rapidly remove these substances at neutral pH is confirmed. Additionally, we perform a detailed kinetic analysis of the process to optimize its performance under neutral conditions.