Development of a novel vinylene‐linked covalent organic framework decorated with multi‐walled carbon nanotubes for electrochemical detection of tryptophan, uric acid, and 8‐hydroxy‐2′‐deoxyguanosine

Abstract Background In this study, a vinylene‐linked covalent organic framework (V‐COF‐1) was integrated with multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) to create a modified electrode (V‐COF‐1/MWCNTs/SPCE) for electrochemical sensing applications. Objective This research focus to investigate the application of the modified electrode for the simultaneous determination of tryptophan (Trp), uric acid (UA), and 8‐hydroxy‐2'‐deoxyguanosine (8‐OHdG) in human urine samples and the mechanism between V‐COF‐1 and the analytes (Trp, UA, and 8‐OHdG) by studying tryptophan metabolites, dopamine, and L‐3,4‐dihydroxyphenylalanine (L‐DOPA). Methods The electrochemical performance of V‐COF‐1/MWCNTs/SPCE was evaluated using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) and use cyclic voltammetry (CV) to detect the modified electrode to explore its electrochemical properties. Results Under optimized conditions, V‐COF‐1/MWCNTs/SPCE exhibited efficient electron transfer for Trp, UA, and 8‐OHdG, with low detection limits (S/N = 3) of 0.03 μM, 0.06 μM, and 0.006 μM, respectively. The modified electrode demonstrated high selectivity for the target analytes in the presence of interfering species, as well as excellent repeatability and stability. The recoveries of Trp, UA, and 8‐OHdG in human urine samples ranged from 90.6% to 104.8%, which shows that this method has been successfully applied for the simultaneous detection of Trp, UA and 8‐OHdG in biological sample analysis. Conclusions The integration of V‐COF‐1 and MWCNTs onto the modified electrode showed promising results for the simultaneous detection of Trp, UA, and 8‐OHdG. The developed sensor exhibited excellent sensitivity, selectivity, repeatability, and stability. These findings contribute to the advancement of electrochemical sensor technology for biomedical applications and highlight the potential of V‐COF‐1/MWCNTs/SPCE in analytical chemistry.