Clinical stage IA non-small cell lung cancer with occult pathologic N1 and N2 disease after segmentectomy: does a completion lobectomy justify?

When final pathology shows pathologic N1 or N2 disease after a pulmonary segmentectomy for early stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), completion of lobectomy could be considered and recommended as an option for treatment. We explored outcomes after segmentectomy for clinical stage IA NSCLC with occult pN1 or pN2 disease.