四斯潘宁
CD81号
微泡
CD63
脑组织
细胞外小泡
生物
外体
人脑
细胞外
微泡
细胞生物学
细胞
小RNA
神经科学
免疫学
生物化学
基因
丙型肝炎病毒
病毒
作者
Mami Okada‐Tsuchioka,Naoto Kajitani,Wataru Omori,Takashi Kurashige,Shuken Boku,Minoru Takebayashi
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.08.025
摘要
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are particles released from most cell types delimited by a lipid bilayer. Small EVs (sEVs) are nanosized (<200 nm) and include exosomes. Brain-derived sEVs may provide a source for new biomarkers of brain status. CD9, CD63, and CD81 are major members of the tetraspanin family frequently used as sEV markers. However, according to a recent report, tetraspanins were not equally expressed in all sEVs, but rather show heterogeneity that reflects the expression levels in their secretory cells. We therefore investigated tetraspanin heterogeneity of sEVs in biofluids commonly used for clinical laboratory tests, and those in the brain. Expression levels and distributions of CD9, CD63 and CD81 on sEVs were determined in serum, plasma, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples collected from each healthy donor, and in post-mortem brain tissue samples. We found heterogeneous mixes of sEVs with various tetraspanin combinations among sEVs, and the predominant types and heterogeneous patterns of tetraspanins were specific to sample type. Hierarchical clustering revealed that brain sEVs were similar to those in the CSF, but different from those in peripheral blood. Our findings both provide basic information and contribute to the development of biomarkers for neurological and psychiatric disorders.
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