Review and Perspectives on Preparation Strategies and Applications of Ti3C2 MXene for Li Metal Batteries/Li–S Batteries

Lithium metal anodes are considered as one of the most promising choices for high-energy-density batteries owing to their high theoretical capacity (3860 mAh g–1) and low reduced anode potential [−3.04 V versus standard hydrogen electrode (SHE)]. However, the underlying safety risks of lithium metal batteries during cycling hinder their further development. MXenes have become a hot topic as a result of their excellent conductivity, flexibility, ultrafast ion diffusion, and large specific surface. Thus, MXene is vastly introduced in lithium metal batteries and lithium sulfur batteries for improving the safety and electrochemical performance of the entire battery. This review sights into the structural characteristics and different etching techniques about MXene and provides a detailed introduction to the shortcomings and challenges of lithium metal batteries and lithium–sulfur batteries. In addition, this review summarizes the applications of MXene and its composite materials in the modification strategies of lithium metal batteries and lithium–sulfur batteries and provides insights into the electrochemical application of MXene in other aqueous/non-aqueous energy storage systems.