Study on the treatment of cyanide gold extraction wastewater by persulfate-electrochemical oxidation

氰化物 过硫酸盐 X射线光电子能谱 化学 电化学 激进的 萃取(化学) 扫描电子显微镜 核化学 无机化学 废水 材料科学 电极 催化作用 化学工程 有机化学 环境工程 工程类 物理化学 复合材料
作者
Ling Long,Yonghui Song,Hefu Li,Jianguo Bao,Ting Su,Yifan Wang,Rong Zhu,Xinwei Zhang,Liang Zhang
出处
期刊:Journal of environmental chemical engineering [Elsevier BV]
卷期号:11 (5): 110733-110733
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.jece.2023.110733
摘要

The cyanide gold extraction wastewater from a gold smelter was treated using a persulfate-electrochemical oxidation (PS-EO) coupling process. The optimal process conditions and significance level of each factor were determined using orthogonal experiments, and the precipitates and cathodic precipitates in the system were analyzed and characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscope-energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), and the oxidation removal reaction mechanism of cyanide was further explored. The results showed that voltage, time and PS concentration were the main influencing factors of the cyanide removal extent. When the voltage was 5 V, PS concentration 0.5 g·L–1, pH 7, plate spacing 2.5 cm and reaction time 240 min, the removal extents of total cyanide (CNT), free cyanide (CN–), Cu and Zn ions in wastewater reached 98.33%, 100%, 99.53% and 98.86%, respectively. The removal of cyanide was mainly attributed to the indirect oxidation by SO4•–, •OH and O2•– active radicals produced by activated PS and the direct oxidation of S2O82–. The contribution rate of S2O82– direct oxidation was 42.38%. The oxidation contribution rates of SO4•–, •OH and O2•– active free radicals were 15.75%, 29.33% and 12.54%, respectively. Compared with simple PS and EO treatment processes, the PS-EO combined process reduced the amount of oxidants and helped to improve the current density of the system, as well as the generation of active free radicals such as SO4•–, •OH and O2•–. Additionally, after PS-EO treatment, there were almost no precipitates such as Zn(CN)2, CuCN, Zn(OH)2 and Cu(OH)2 produced in the wastewater. The cyanide ions in complex ions such as Cu(CN)32– and Zn(CN)42– were completely oxidized to N2 and CO2, and then under the influence of an electric field, the released Cu2+ and Zn2+ ions were directed to migrate to the cathode and precipitate.Finally, the treated wastewater could be directly returned to the grinding or leaching the ore process, thus achieving the goals of being harmless and utilizing cyanide wastewater resources.
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