Enhancement of Wound Healing Efficacy by Chitosan-based Hydrocolloid on Sprague Dawley Rats

Background/Aim: Chitosan-based functional materials have attracted considerable attention worldwide for applications in wound healing, especially in skin wound healing, due to their efficiency in hemostasis, anti-bacterial, and skin regeneration. Various chitosan-based products have been developed for skin wound healing applications, but most of these face limitations in either efficacy or cost-effectiveness. Therefore, there is a need to develop a unique material that can handle all of these concerns and be utilized for acute and chronic wounds. This study investigated mechanisms of new chitosan-based hydrocolloid patches in inflammatory reduction and skin formation by using wound-induced Sprague Dawley Rats. Materials and Methods: Our study combined a hydrocolloid patch with chitosan to achieve a practical and accessible medical patch that would enhance skin wound healing. Our chitosan-embedded patch has shown a significant influence by preventing wound expansion and inflammation increment on Sprague Dawley rat models. Results: The chitosan patch significantly increased the wound healing rate and accelerated the inflammatory stage by suppressing pro-inflammatory cytokines activity (e.g., TNF-α, IL-6, MCP-1, and IL-1β). Moreover, the product was effective in promoting skin regeneration, demonstrated by the increase in the number of fibroblasts through specific biomarkers (e.g., vimentin, α-SMA, Ki-67, collagen I, and TGF-β1). Conclusion: Our study on the chitosan-based hydrocolloid patches not only elucidated mechanisms of reducing inflammation and enhancing proliferation, but also provided a cost-effective method for skin wound dressing.