A review of geopolymer membrane for water treatment

Geopolymer has gained enormous attention in recent years owing to its ease of preparation, low-cost process, and excellent properties. These superiorities result in an extensive application of geopolymers, one of them being membrane technology for wastewater treatment. This review explains the development of geopolymer membrane modification aiming at the optimum performance in wastewater filtration. The modification mainly addresses certain properties, such as porosity and mechanical strength. Subsequently, this article underlines the application of composite material with reinforcement and pore-forming agents to address those characteristics. A profound description of the manufacturing technique is also described, especially the direct pore-forming, dip-coating, and composite methods. Furthermore, the state-of-the-art and cutting-edge geopolymer alteration to hinder fouling phenomena, such as photocatalyst addition as a membrane bioreactor, is thoroughly discussed.