In order to promote the further development of polymer science, a new concept of “X-yne click polymerization” is proposed in this paper to unify those highly efficient alkyne-based click polymerizations developed in recent years, including thiol-yne, amino-yne and hydroxyl-yne ones. The latest progress on it is summarized from reactions to applications. Additionally, the challenges and opportunities in this field are further discussed in detail (e350).