Advances in Islet Transplantation and the Future of Stem Cell–Derived Islets to Treat Diabetes

Timothy J. Kieffer1,2, Corinne A. Hoesli3,4 and A.M. James Shapiro5,6,7 1Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, School of Biomedical Engineering, Vancouver V6T1Z3, British Columbia, Canada 2Department of Surgery, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver V6T1Z3, British Columbia, Canada 3Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal H3A 0C5, Québec, Canada 4Associate Member, Department of Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal H3A 0C5, Québec, Canada 5Clinical Islet Transplant Program, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G2E1, Alberta, Canada 6Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G2E1, Alberta, Canada 7Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G2E1, Alberta, Canada Correspondence: tim.kieffer{at}ubc.ca