Diagnosis and Management of Inflammatory Bowel Disease Associated Spondyloarthritis

ABSTRACT Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)-associated spondyloarthritis (SpA) is common but remains poorly understood. In this review article, we aim to provide guidance regarding the diagnosis and management of this condition. For diagnosis of IBD-associated peripheral SpA (IBD-pSpA), we recommend collaboration with rheumatology for incorporation of clinical symptoms, physical exam findings, joint imaging if applicable, and available diagnostic criteria. For the management of IBD-pSpA, we first recommend assessment and treatment of underlying luminal IBD disease activity. We provide guidance regarding positioning of advanced therapies for IBD in patients with IBD-pSpA based on the limited available literature. For diagnosis of IBD-associated axial SpA (IBD-axSpA), we recommend rheumatology referral to make the diagnosis based on incorporation of symptoms, laboratory data, imaging findings (sacroiilitis) and available diagnostic criteria. For the management of axial SpA, we recommend co-management with rheumatology and use of either anti-tumor necrosis factor agents or janus kinase inhibitors, when applicable.