MXene has garnered significant attention due to its versatile applications across various industries. Therefore, MXene and MXene-based composite coatings are also receiving increased attention. In composite coatings, well-distributed MXene in the polymer matrix provides paths for coating functionality. This review article aims to comprehensively examine the research progress pertaining to MXene materials, with a particular focus on elucidating key aspects of the construction methodology of MXene-based composite coatings. Furthermore, this review delves into the diverse applications of MXene coatings, encompassing flame retardancy, antibacterial property, electromagnetic shielding property, and multifunctionality (e.g., sensing and electromagnetic shielding properties; photo-thermal ability and water repellency). Additionally, the review offers insights into the future prospects and provides recommendations for the continued development and utilization of MXene-based coatings.