Multiple spatial-temporal scales assessment of solar and wind resources potential integrating geospatial-technology-correlation indicators: A case study of Hunan Province

Achieving the green transformation of energy structure requires extensive utilization of renewable energy, especially wind and solar energy. However, spatial distribution and correlation between solar and wind resources in provincial region are unclear, hinders their further development. To accurately assess provincial solar and wind potential, a multiple spatial and temporal assessment model based on geographic information system is proposed, which integrates geographic constraint analysis, resource potential quantification, correlation analysis, cluster analysis and gravity model. The model forms a more comprehensive evaluation of renewable energy, including resource capacity and distribution at multiple temporal and spatial scales, resource-rich area distribution, multi-energy correlation characteristic and regional energy interaction potential. The results showed that geographical potentials for photovoltaic and wind power in Hunan Province are 27698.73 km2 and 35013.38 km2, with an annual average of 608903.23 GWh and 187544.84 GWh, respectively. The highest contributions of resource potential are Yongzhou, Hengyang and Yueyang. Hengyang exhibits strong potential for supplying neighboring cities. Solar and wind energy in Hunan display a certain spatial synergy and complementarity, but weak correlation in hourly and monthly scales. The evaluation model can provide theoretical and practical guidance for renewable energy macro-analysis, project planning and precise decision-making.