Graphene-Iron Ore Tailings–Based Cementitious Composites with High Early Flexural Strength

Graphene is a two-dimensional nanomaterial with excellent mechanical, electrical and thermal properties. The application of graphene in cement-based materials has good prospects. However, the mechanical properties of cement-based materials are difficult to be significantly enhanced by ordinary graphene nanoplates. In this paper, nitrogen-doped graphene is first reported as an additive with dosages of 0.01, 0.02, 0.03, 0.04 and 0.05 wt.%, respectively, to prepare iron ore tailings–based cementitious composites. The iron ore tailings–based cementitious composite with 0.02 wt.% graphene shows an extremely high flexural strength of 15.05 MPa at 3 days, which is 134.4% higher than that of the iron ore tailings–based cementitious composite without graphene. The effects of graphene content and curing age on the flexural strength and microstructure of iron ore tailings–based cementitious composites were studied. In particular, the scanning electron microscope was adopted to observe the micromorphology of the composites. It is helpful to understand the graphene reinforcement mechanism for the high early flexural strength of iron ore tailings–based cementitious composites. By altering the morphology of iron ore tailings–based cementitious composites, graphene plays two roles in the composites. One role is to connect C-(A)-S-H gels, ettringite and other hydrated crystals to construct a three-dimensional structure. The other is to attract iron ore tailings distributed on its platform to enhance its flexural strength properties. These findings provide favorable guidance for the performance enhancement and mechanism replenishment of graphene-reinforced cementitious composites.