肠-脑轴
神经科学
肠道菌群
中枢神经系统
肠神经系统
脑功能
病理生理学
萧条(经济学)
焦虑
生物
医学
心理学
免疫学
精神科
内分泌学
宏观经济学
经济
作者
Muhammad Naveed,Qi-Gang Zhou,Xu Chu,Abdoh Taleb,Fan Meng,Bilal Ahmed,Yu Zhang,Kohji Fukunaga,Feng Han
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2020.110051
摘要
The gut microbiota is composed of a large number of microbes, usually regarded as commensal bacteria. It has become gradually clear that gastrointestinal microbiota affects gut pathophysiology and the central nervous system (CNS) function by modulating the signaling pathways of the microbiota-gut-brain (MGB) axis. This bidirectional MGB axis communication primarily acts through neuroendocrine, neuroimmune, and autonomic nervous systems (ANS) mechanisms. Accumulating evidence reveals that gut microbiota interacts with the host brain, and its modulation may play a critical role in the pathology of neuropsychiatric disorders. Recently, neuroscience research has established the significance of gut microbiota in the development of brain systems that are essential to stress-related behaviors, including depression and anxiety. Application of modulators of the MGB, such as psychobiotics (e.g., probiotics), prebiotics, and specific diets, may be a promising therapeutic approach for neuropsychiatric disorders. The present review article primarily focuses on the relevant features of the disturbances of the MGB axis in the pathophysiology of neuropsychiatric disorders and its potential mechanisms.
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