第二信使系统
免疫系统
刺
先天免疫系统
佐剂
癌症免疫疗法
干扰素基因刺激剂
信号转导衔接蛋白
免疫疗法
信号转导
兴奋剂
生物
信使核糖核酸
细胞生物学
受体
免疫学
生物化学
基因
工程类
航空航天工程
作者
Mincun Su,Jianpei Zheng,Linchuan Gan,Yuxiang Zhao,Yajuan Fu,Qi Chen
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.bcp.2022.114934
摘要
Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) senses foreign DNA to produce 2'3'-cyclic GMP-AMP (2'3'-cGAMP). 2'3'-cGAMP is a second messenger that binds and activates the adaptor protein STING, which triggers the innate immune response. As a STING agonist, the small molecule 2'3'-cGAMP plays pivotal roles in antiviral defense and has adjuvant applications, and anti-tumor effects. 2'3'-cGAMP and its analogs are thus putative targets for immunotherapy and are currently being testedin clinical trials to treat solid tumors. However, several barriers to further development have emerged from these studies, such as evidence of immune and inflammatory side-effects, poor pharmacokinetics, and undesirable biodistribution. Here, we review the status of 2'3'-cGAMP research and outline the role of 2'3'-cGAMP in immune signaling, adjuvant applications, and cancer immunotherapy, as well as various 2'3'-cGAMP detection methods.
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