多径传播
声学
计算机科学
交叉口(航空)
职位(财务)
航程(航空)
滞后
地质学
水听器
座头鲸
常量(计算机编程)
鲸鱼
直线(几何图形)
数学
物理
电信
地理
几何学
渔业
复合材料
程序设计语言
材料科学
经济
频道(广播)
生物
地图学
计算机网络
财务
作者
Christopher O. Tiemann,Michael B. Porter,L. Neil Frazer
出处
期刊:Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
[Acoustical Society of America]
日期:2004-06-01
卷期号:115 (6): 2834-2843
被引量:55
摘要
Humpback whale songs were recorded on six widely spaced receivers of the Pacific Missile Range Facility (PMRF) hydrophone network near Hawaii during March of 2001. These recordings were used to test a new approach to localizing the whales that exploits the time-difference of arrival (time lag) of their calls as measured between receiver pairs in the PMRF network. The usual technique for estimating source position uses the intersection of hyperbolic curves of constant time lag, but a drawback of this approach is its assumption of a constant wave speed and straight-line propagation to associate acoustic travel time with range. In contrast to hyperbolic fixing, the algorithm described here uses an acoustic propagation model to account for waveguide and multipath effects when estimating travel time from hypothesized source positions. A comparison between predicted and measured time lags forms an ambiguity surface, or visual representation of the most probable whale position in a horizontal plane around the array. This is an important benefit because it allows for automated peak extraction to provide a location estimate. Examples of whale localizations using real and simulated data in algorithms of increasing complexity are provided.
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