Product Sustainable Design: A Review From the Environmental, Economic, and Social Aspects

Abstract As a global concern, the sustainability of a product is the responsibility for manufacturing. Product design has become one of the sources and core drivers for manufacturing competition, and the international competitiveness of products would mostly depend on product design capabilities. The product design has essential and profound impacts on the manufacturing, and thus, many researchers focus on product design and make varies of contributions in this area. Product sustainable design is a design process for a product with the consideration of environmental, economic, and social sustainability during the product entire life cycle. The result of product sustainable design is the creation of products with high sustainability of environmental, economic, and social aspects. This paper reviews the state of the art in the product sustainable design methodologies and tools from the perspective of environmental, economic, and social aspects. For the environmental perspective, design for environment methodologies and tools would enable products in a more environmentally friendly manner in the manufacturing. For the economic perspective, this paper introduces the design methodologies for the economic sustainability with cost, assembly, manufacture, and supply chain. For the social perspective, this paper introduces sustainable social design and social responsibility design for social sustainability and social sustainability through social intervention and social innovation. In addition, it encourages future works.