Benefit finding profiles and comparison of caregiving ability among informal caregivers of patients with lung cancer: A latent profile analysis

PurposeThis study aimed to explore the benefit finding (BF) profiles among informal caregivers of patients with lung cancer, identify demographic and disease characteristics, and analyze differences in caregiving ability between profiles.Patients and methodsThis cross-sectional study utilized convenience sampling to select 272 informal caregivers of patients with lung cancer from a tertiary care hospital in Guangzhou, China. The research instruments used included the Demographic and Disease Characteristics Questionnaire, the revised version of the BF Scale, and the Chinese version of the Family Caregiver Task Inventory (FCTI). Data analysis was performed using Latent Profile Analysis, chi-square test, Fisher's exact probability test, Kruskal-Wallis test, and multivariate logistic regression.Results(a) BF can be divided into three profiles: "high benefit–family and personal growth" (Profile 1, 7.7%), "moderate benefit–unclear perception" (Profile 2, 44.9%), and "low benefit–coping ability deficient" (Profile 3, 47.4%). (b) Having a co-caregiver and a disease duration of 6–12 months were more likely to belong to profile 1; caregivers of patients aged 40–60 years tended to belong to profile 2; caregivers of older patients with disease duration >12 months and clinical stage II or III were more likely to belong to profile 3. (c) There were significant differences in the total score of caregiving ability and the scores of each dimension among the different BF profiles (p <0.001), and the caregiving abilities of profile 1 and profile 2 were higher than profile 3.ConclusionThere was heterogeneity in BF among informal caregivers of patients with lung cancer. Healthcare professionals can identify the key profiles of lung cancer caregivers based on characteristics such as age, clinical stage, disease duration, and co-caregiver status and enhance their caregiving ability through targeted nursing guidance.