材料科学
超材料
纳米发生器
能量收集
智能材料
可伸缩电子设备
结构健康监测
导电体
机械能
复合材料
功率(物理)
数码产品
光电子学
电气工程
压电
工程类
物理
量子力学
作者
Kaveh Barri,Qianyun Zhang,J. E. Kline,Wenyun Lu,Jianzhe Luo,Zhe Sun,Brandon E Taylor,Steven G. Sachs,Lev Khazanovich,Zhong Lin Wang,Amir H. Alavi
标识
DOI:10.1002/adma.202211027
摘要
Creating multifunctional concrete materials with advanced functionalities and mechanical tunability is a critical step toward reimagining the traditional civil infrastructure systems. Here, the concept of nanogenerator-integrated mechanical metamaterial concrete is presented to design lightweight and mechanically tunable concrete systems with energy harvesting and sensing functionalities. The proposed metamaterial concrete systems are created via integrating the mechanical metamaterial and nano-energy-harvesting paradigms. These advanced materials are composed of reinforcement auxetic polymer lattices with snap-through buckling behavior fully embedded inside a conductive cement matrix. We rationally design their composite structures to induce contact-electrification between the layers under mechanical excitations/triggering. The conductive cement enhanced with graphite powder serves as the electrode in the proposed systems, while providing the desired mechanical performance. Experimental studies are conducted to investigate the mechanical and electrical properties of the designed prototypes. The metamaterial concrete systems are tuned to achieve up to 15% compressibility under cycling loading. The power output of the nanogenerator-integrated metamaterial concrete prototypes reaches 330 µW. Furthermore, the self-powered sensing functionality of the nanogenerator concrete systems for distributed health monitoring of large-scale concrete structures is demonstrated. The metamaterial concrete paradigm can possibly enable the design of smart civil infrastructure systems with a broad range of advanced functionalities.
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