Optimization of Zirconium Oxide Nanoparticle‐Enhanced Photocurable Resins for High‐Resolution 3D Printing Ceramic Parts

Abstract In this study, photocurable acrylate resins with different concentrations of zirconium oxide (50% and 70% by weight) are polymerized according to a radical mechanism. The research focused on three main aspects: 1) the effect of ZrO₂ nanoparticles on the kinetics of photopolymerization, 2) the optimization of digital light processing (DLP) 3D printing conditions for nanoparticle‐filled and unfilled resins, and 3) the influence of nanoparticle addition on the thermomechanical properties of the 3D‐printed structures. Photopolymerization kinetics are examined using photo‐DSC and photo‐rheology to assess the impact of nanoparticles on polymerization rates, shrinkage, and induction times. Despite challenges related to limited light penetration in highly nanoparticle‐filled resins, optimal printing parameters are established, enabling the fabrication of high‐performance 3D‐printed materials. The inclusion of ZrO₂ nanoparticles significantly enhances the thermomechanical properties of the final products, demonstrating the potential for advanced applications in additive manufacturing.