A 10‐year Retrospective Clinical Study to Identify Risk Indicators for Peri‐Implant Bone Loss and Implant Failure

ABSTRACT Aim To evaluate long‐term survival and success of dental implants and evaluate indicators affecting the long‐term outcome. Materials and Methods Implant survival, success and crestal bone loss (BL) over time were evaluated. For covariates at patient level, Kaplan–Meier estimates of implant survival were compared between groups with the log‐rank test. Observed mean bone loss (MBL) was plotted as a function of time. Cumulative frequencies of BL were plotted for different post‐op times. Uni‐ and multivariate analysis was performed. Simple linear mixed and multiple linear mixed models for BL at 1, 5 and 10 years were fitted. Results 407 patients (221 women, 186 men; mean age 64.86 years (range 28–92, SD 10.11)), with 1482 implants, responded. Absolute implant survival was 94.74%; MBL was 0.81 mm (SD 1.58, range 0.00–17.00) after an average follow‐up of 10.66 years (range 10–14, SD 0.87). Implant survival was influenced on implant level by smoking, implant width and early bone loss (EBL) > 0.5 mm; on patient level by a history of periodontitis. Indicators influencing MBL after the 1st year were abutment height, type of surgery and implant width, while after 5 and 10 years of function were abutment height, EBL > 0.5 mm and smoking. Conclusion Implant survival was significantly affected by a history of periodontitis on patient level and by smoking, implant width and EBL > 0.5 mm on implant level. Late bone loss was significantly affected by abutment height, EBL > 0.5 mm and smoking. Trial Registration: B670201524796