Design of non-homogeneous three-dimensional ceramic lattice structures with interpenetrating epoxy resin for enhanced energy absorption and load-bearing performance

Lightweight, energy-absorbing materials with superior mechanical properties are vital for engineering. Interpenetrating phase composites (IPCs) of Al2O3 ceramic and epoxy resin exhibit enhanced performance via non-homogeneous lattice design. Compression tests showed over 60% strength improvement compared to single-phase materials, while bending tests highlighted greater load capacity. Non-homogeneous structures demonstrated superior energy absorption and load-bearing abilities. Epoxy resin enhanced toughness under compression but not bending. A bulletproof model validated the practical potential of IPCs, emphasizing their engineering applicability in optimizing material properties through tailored lattice designs.