Multidisciplinary approach improves eradication rate and safety in refractory Helicobacter pylori infection

Introduction: Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection is prevalent worldwide and contributes to various gastrointestinal diseases. Eradication therapy is crucial in managing HP infection, but antibiotic resistance has led to refractory cases, complicating treatment outcomes and increasing the risk of adverse events. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a multidisciplinary approach, termed HP Multidisciplinary Team (MDT) Clinic, in improving eradication rates and safety in patients with refractory HP infection. Methods: Between November 2020 and November 2023, 153 patients with refractory HP infection were included, with 51 patients in the non-HP-MDT group and 102 patients in the HP-MDT group. The HP-MDT clinic provided personalized treatment plans, patient education, and follow-up. Genetic testing was conducted in selected cases to assess resistance patterns. Results: Patients attending the HP-MDT clinic showed significantly higher eradication rates compared to those in the non-HP-MDT group (80.39% vs. 50.98%, P<0.001). Logistic regression analysis confirmed that HP-MDT clinic attendance was independently associated with higher eradication rates (OR: 4.43, 95% CI: 2.02 to 9.71, P<0.001). Genetic testing revealed high rates of antibiotic resistance, particularly to clarithromycin (10/11, 90.91%) and metronidazole (11/11, 100%). Despite resistance, the HP-MDT approach achieved a high eradication rate of 92.31%. Adverse drug reactions occurred in 12.75% of patients in the HP-MDT group, predominantly mild gastrointestinal symptoms. Conclusion: The HP-MDT Clinic, integrating medical, pharmaceutical, and nursing expertise, significantly improved eradication rates and safety in patients with refractory HP infection. Personalized treatment plans, patient education, and genetic testing contributed to successful outcomes with minimal adverse events.