光子上转换
光谱学
发光
激发态
材料科学
兴奋剂
激发
分析化学(期刊)
光电子学
化学
原子物理学
物理
色谱法
量子力学
作者
Rafael Valiente,Oliver S. Wenger,Hans U. Güdel
摘要
Single crystals of CsMnCl3 doped with 0.9% Yb3+ were grown from the melt by the Bridgman technique and studied by means of variable temperature optical spectroscopy. At cryogenic temperatures, near-infrared Yb3+-excitation around 1 μm leads to intense Mn2+ upconversion luminescence in the red spectral region. This very efficient upconversion process is possible because of magnetic Yb3+–Mn2+ exchange interactions, and a new type of upconversion mechanism is found to be active in this system. The upconversion properties of Yb3+:CsMnCl3 are compared to those of Yb3+:RbMnCl3 and Yb3+:CsMnBr3. The upconversion efficiencies at cryogenic temperatures differ by many orders of magnitude. The bridging geometry between Yb3+ and Mn2+ is found to be a key factor for the efficiency of the process. The highest efficiency is observed for the title compound, and this is correlated with the most likely linear Yb3+–Cl−–Mn2+ arrangement in this crystal. At 15 K the dominant upconversion mechanism in the title compound involves an energy transfer step. By increasing the temperature to 100 K a new and very efficient mechanism involving a sequence of ground state and excited state absorption steps becomes dominant.
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