3D woven fabrics, structures, and methods of manufacture

This chapter discusses various three dimensional (3D) fabrics and structures, such as, T, tapered T, X, cruciform, Pi, tapered Pi, intersecting Pi, single and double blade joints, I-beam, H, triangular truss core, double truss core, composite engine vane, polar structures, contour structures, fillets (noodles), sine-wave, panels, curved structures, hexagonal structures, multiple cell structures, composite ring, electronic textiles (E-textiles) structures, tapered and flared bifurcate vascular grafts, penile grafts, etc. Their applications are discussed in this chapter. Various 3D weaves are also discussed as are the different manufacturing technologies used to produce 3D structures.