突触
生物
非同源性末端接合
DNA
结扎
细胞生物学
DNA修复
同源染色体
同源重组
计算生物学
遗传学
基因
分子生物学
作者
Bailin Zhao,Eli Rothenberg,Dale A. Ramsden,Michael R. Lieber
标识
DOI:10.1038/s41580-020-00297-8
摘要
Non-homologous DNA end joining (NHEJ) is the predominant repair mechanism of any type of DNA double-strand break (DSB) during most of the cell cycle and is essential for the development of antigen receptors. Defects in NHEJ result in sensitivity to ionizing radiation and loss of lymphocytes. The most critical step of NHEJ is synapsis, or the juxtaposition of the two DNA ends of a DSB, because all subsequent steps rely on it. Recent findings show that, like the end processing step, synapsis can be achieved through several mechanisms. In this Review, we first discuss repair pathway choice between NHEJ and other DSB repair pathways. We then integrate recent insights into the mechanisms of NHEJ synapsis with updates on other steps of NHEJ, such as DNA end processing and ligation. Finally, we discuss NHEJ-related human diseases, including inherited disorders and neoplasia, which arise from rare failures at different NHEJ steps.
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