生物
生酮饮食
微生物群
肠道菌群
酮体
体内
微生物学
内分泌学
免疫学
内科学
新陈代谢
遗传学
医学
神经科学
癫痫
作者
Qi Yan Ang,Margaret Alexander,John C. Newman,Yuan Tian,Jingwei Cai,Vaibhav Upadhyay,Peter J. Turnbaugh,Eric Verdin,Kevin D. Hall,Rudolph L. Leibel,Éric Ravussin,Michael Rosenbaum,Andrew D. Patterson,Peter J. Turnbaugh
出处
期刊:Cell
[Elsevier]
日期:2020-06-01
卷期号:181 (6): 1263-1275.e16
被引量:335
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.cell.2020.04.027
摘要
Summary
Very low-carbohydrate, high-fat ketogenic diets (KDs) induce a pronounced shift in metabolic fuel utilization that elevates circulating ketone bodies; however, the consequences of these compounds for host-microbiome interactions remain unknown. Here, we show that KDs alter the human and mouse gut microbiota in a manner distinct from high-fat diets (HFDs). Metagenomic and metabolomic analyses of stool samples from an 8-week inpatient study revealed marked shifts in gut microbial community structure and function during the KD. Gradient diet experiments in mice confirmed the unique impact of KDs relative to HFDs with a reproducible depletion of bifidobacteria. In vitro and in vivo experiments showed that ketone bodies selectively inhibited bifidobacterial growth. Finally, mono-colonizations and human microbiome transplantations into germ-free mice revealed that the KD-associated gut microbiota reduces the levels of intestinal pro-inflammatory Th17 cells. Together, these results highlight the importance of trans-kingdom chemical dialogs for mediating the host response to dietary interventions.
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