Pulsed electric fields for the extraction of proteins and carbohydrates from marine resources

Pulsed electric fields (PEF) is attracting great attention as nonthermal extraction technology on downstream processing of emergent marine bioresources such as micro- and macroalgae. These uni- and multicellular algae enclose a diverse and interesting biochemical composition and are recognized as important sources of valuable bioactive compounds and functional food nutrients. This chapter intends to give an overview about the role of electric field processing toward the extraction of proteins and carbohydrates given particular emphasis on PEF technology, addressing the latest scientific developments in the field. Electric field-based technologies have a great potential as a “green” tool, being an energy efficient and environmentally friendly processing technology, while reducing the operational time by allowing a strong electro permeation, that is electroporation of cellular membranes, that enhances the extraction yields while reducing the use of solvents. The possibility of combining PEF with other processing variables (i.e., ohmic heating) can bring more flexibility to the extraction process and will be highlighted.