X‐ray Diffraction

X-ray diffraction (XRD) is a basic and indispensable technique that has been widely used in different fields such as physics, chemistry, and materials science. In recent years, with the rapid development of material science and X-ray sources, the applications of XRD have become more and more broad. In this chapter, we have first introduced the applications, working principle, and configuration of XRD. After that, we focus on the applications of XRD in the research field of electrochemical energy storage, and some advanced XRD techniques, such as in situ XRD, are presented. Lastly, the current shortage and future development trends of XRD have been discussed.