Development of Canine Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Model

Summary The purpose of this study was to develop a model for canine systemic lupus erythematosus. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a systemic autoimmune syndrome defined by clinical and serological features, including arthritis, glomerulonephritis, dermatitis and autoantibodies. SLE was induced in eight normal dogs by immunization with heparan sulphate, the major glycosaminoglycan of the glomerular basement membrane. All the heparan sulphate‐immunized dogs showed mild‐to‐moderate levels of proteinuria and skin disease. Cutaneous signs associated with SLE including alopecia, erythema, crusting, scaling and seborrhoea were observed. Immunohistological examination of the skin lesions revealed deposition of immunoglobulin M and complement in the dermal–epidermal junction. Three of eight dogs showed lameness. The antinuclear antibody tests were positive with the antibody titres higher than 1:128. Therefore, this experimental SLE model could be useful for studying immune‐mediated skin disease and autoimmunity.