Important contributions of multidimensional nanoadditives on tribological applications of unitary and binary alloys

Nanomaterials have attracted wide attention due to their great potential in the field of tribology, and have also been widely used in industrial production and manufacturing, aerospace, medical and life fields. Although numerous studies have been conducted on additive-reinforced nanocomposites, the important tribological understandings of nanoadditives associated with size effects ranging from 0D and 2D nanostructures with respect to multicomponent alloys remain comprehensively un-reviewed. Hence, the present situation of nanomaterials as functional additives in multicomponent alloys for friction reduction and wear resistant performances, with underlying friction and wear mechanisms, are summarized in this review. Finally, the development prospect and challenges of nanotribology are concluded, which further provide an in-depth understanding of such field for enriching practical applications.